Auto Valve Spring
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Auto Valve Spring
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Together, your intake and exhaust valves play a critical role in the operation of your engine. Each cylinder has at least one pair. During the first stroke of the combustion process, the intake valve (IV) opens to allow fuel and air into the combustion chamber. When the chamber is full, the valve closes and completely seals the opening. A tight seal is important because it allows the air-fuel mixture to be compressed for ignition.
After the mixture has been ignited, vapors expand rapidly and push the piston to the bottom of the chamber. The cylinder's exhaust valve (EV) opens to let the vapors escape.
If a valve fails, your engine will experience problems. For this reason, a failing valve needs to be replaced or repaired as soon as possible. The challenge is determining the root cause of the failure. Unless the reason is identified and resolved, a replacement IV or EV will meet the same fate (e.g. breakage, premature wearing, etc.). In this article, we'll describe the most common reasons engine valves fail.
Defective Parts
Surprisingly, a large portion of failures are due to defects in the valves. For example, metal impurities may be present, which reduces their durability and causes them to wear more quickly. There may also be blemishes - such as cracks - in the design. These will weaken the metal and make it more susceptible to breaking.
Many IVs and EVs are designed as two-piece components where the stems and heads must be welded together. If the welding is done poorly, they can separate.
Ideally, a mechanic will examine each valve that is being replaced prior to installing it. Defects, such as small cracks, are often easy to see with a quick inspection. By identifying such problems early, you can avoid having to bring your vehicle back when a defective valve fails.
Heat Stress
Between the two valves, EVs are far more vulnerable to heat stress than IVs. The reason is because the vapors creates from the ignition of the air-fuel mixture expand at extremely high temperatures. They rush past the EV continuously. Over time, the intense heat (up to 1,350 degrees Fahrenheit) causes thermal stress in the EV.
This is the reason exhaust valves are often designed with steel as opposed to a weaker material. The steel is more durable against the high temperatures. That said, the heat still takes a toll and can eventually cause failure.
Mechanical Fatigue
Mechanical fatigue can cause the intake and exhaust valves to break. There are two main areas where breakage typically occurs. The first is between the head and the stem (where two-piece valves are welded together). The second is on the end of the stem near the keeper grooves.
Fatigue can occur for a couple of reasons. For example, high temperatures can cause the metal to stretch. This breaks down the material over time and makes it more susceptible to breaking. It can also happen when there is too much clearance between the valve and the camshaft. This can lead to stress as the valve closes with excessive force.
Other Issues
In some cases, the IV or EV can become bent due to the piston slamming against it. This can happen if the valve springs are failing, your engine is operating at extremely high RPMs, or if a lack of oil is causing the valve to stick.
The valves can also fail due to premature wearing in the stems. Factors that can contribute to this problem include a lack of oil and excessively high operating temperatures (for example, when your engine overheats). Bad seals can also lead to wearing because they regulate the amount of oil available to the guides.
Intake and exhaust valve failures are normally expensive to fix. The most effective way to prolong their life is to have engine-related problems resolved before they sustain stress, fatigue, and ultimately, damage.
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Engine Details of Mercedes Cl 65 Amg
The outstanding qualities of the AMG V12 engine have won for it awards like the “International Engine of the Year Awards” in the “Best Performance Engine” category in the year 2004. The 450-kW/612 hp AMG power unit was proclaimed winner beating over 70 other competitors from US, Japan, and Europe.
In the manufacturing facility for the AMG engine the philosophy is “One man, one engine” which means that each AMG 12 engine is hand-assembled from start to finish by a single engineer following the strict quality standards impose by the Mercedes-Benz. The “one man, one engine” philosophy is documented by the engineer’s signature found on the AMG engine plate.
The twelve-cylinder biturbo engine found in the CL65 AMG features the latest technology from the world of motorsport. The highly flexible components and materials assured the continuous influx of power and torque even when operating at extreme temperatures. These components include high precision-balanced crankshaft that is created out from high strength materials; forged pistons made from special materials that are extremely resistant from pressure and temperature; and a more effective oil-spray cooling system with a distinct nozzle for each piston, plus some larger piston pins.
The major and big-end bearings are also made from high quality materials to counteract the pressure and the temperature more effectively. The charge cycle in the cylinder heads gets some advantage out from the optimized combustion chambers as well as on the extended opening times of the intake valves. Moreover, a modified oil pump makes sure that all the parts that need lubrication are supplied with oil even under extreme conditions. To further boost the performance of the AMG engine an engine oil cooler is also added in the front apron with the addition of an extra engine coolant radiator located in the wheel arch.
Redesigned charge-air cooler…
The charge-air cooler has also been modified with a low temperature radiator positioned in the front of the vehicle which was made almost 70 percent larger. The system functions on the precept of an air-to-water heat exchanger for an effective cooling of the intake air which are compressed by the turbochargers before they are made to enter the combustion chambers.
The extra surface area added for the low temperature radiator results in a 25 percent reduction in the intake temperature at full throttle and assures high power and torque output in any operating conditions regardless of the temperature outside.
The casing or the frame of the compressor and the turbine in both turbochargers together with the turbine and compressor wheels has been enlarged producing a maximum charge pressure of 1.5 bar.
The electronically controlled fuel supply with its new developed components functioned with a variable system pressure between 3.6 and 5.0 bar. The fuel pressure is also regulated intermittently in accordance to the required power and the temperature outside. The engine management system interprets the command from the accelerator and makes the necessary action.
AMG sports an especially designed Mercedes exhaust system…
The powerful sound of the AMG twelve-cylinder is guaranteed by the AMG sports exhaust system with two trim chromed tailpipes in the exclusive AMG V12 design. Similarly catalytic converters that has tri-metallic coating can provide a faster response from a cold start and offer an efficient exhaust-gas after treatment and an extensive service life. The CL 65 AMG also complies with the EU4 emissions standard as well as the emission requirements for the US market.
Here are the major data for the CL65 AMG
- Cylinder configuration/valves per cylinder – V12/3
- Displacement cc – 5980
- Bore x stroke mm - 82.6 x 93.0
- Compression ratio - 9.0 : 1
- Output kW/hp at rpm – 450/612;4800-5100
- Max. torque Nm at rpm - 1000 2000-4000
- Acceleration 0-100 km/h s - 4.4
- Top speed km/h - 250
The AMG Speedshift 5-speed automatic transmission and steering-wheel gearshift paddles
The driving power of the new CL65 AMG is distributed to the wheels by the AMG Speedshift 5-speed automatic transmission with AMG gearshift paddles and DIRECT SELECT gearshift. There is also an S/C/M button found on the centre console that enables drivers to choose the driving modes that they want like Manual, Comfort, and Sport driving.
The driving modes will also change the transmission characteristics and in turn alter the accelerator response and the spring/damper settings of the AMG sports suspension basing on the Active Body Control. The gears may also be shifted manually at any time by using the silver-colored aluminum shift paddles on the ergonomically designed sports steering wheel.
The AMG V12 delivers a potent torque of 1000 Nm calls for a powertrain that has been systematically reinforced. For the automatic transmission this will include newly developed clutch plates coated with high quality metallic plus the modified shift and torque converter lock-up logic. These are supplemented with the redesigned shafts, larger hub carriers and made even more durable steel spring links.
About the Author
Dwyane Thomas is a part time cook and full-time auto-enthusiast. This 31-year old Civil and Environmental graduate is a consultant at one of the engineering firms in Pennsylvania.
where can i buy an over head cam valve spring compressor?
i have a 1996 ford t-bird with the 4.6L motor.It needs new valve seals but i cant seem to find a auto parts store that carries the spring compressor.any help or advice will be greatly app.thank you.
The recomended tool is Ford Valve Spring Compressor T91P-6565-A (303 382 Global Number). These tools are made by OTC so I would assume any tool supplier that carries OTC should be able to get one. If not etoolcart.com carries them, unfortunatletly they cost $149.
http://www.etoolcart.com/index.asp?PageAction=VIEWPROD&ProdID=2568
Driving Down the Road: 2010 Chrysler Sebring Convertible Limited • Automotive (www.HometownAnnapolis.com ...
The Chrysler Sebring Convertible. Yes, there are other four-passenger convertibles available, but they either cost far more or are "four passenger" only if the two in the rear are six years old. Or both. These advantages have kept the Sebring Convertible popular since its debut in 1996.
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